1: Principle of aluminum profile extrusion
Extrusion is a plastic processing method that applies external force to the metal blank placed in the container (extrusion cylinder) to make it flow out from a specific die hole to obtain the desired cross-sectional shape and size.
2: Composition of aluminum extrusion machine
The extrusion press consists of a machine base, a front column frame, a tension column, an extrusion cylinder, and a hydraulic system under electrical control. It is also equipped with a die base, ejector pins, scale plates, slide plates, etc.
3: Classification of aluminum extrusion methods
According to the type of metal in the extrusion barrel, stress and strain state, extrusion direction, lubrication state, extrusion temperature, extrusion speed, type or structure of the tool and die, shape or number of blanks, shape or number of products, etc. Different, it can be divided into forward extrusion method, reverse extrusion method, (including plane deformation extrusion, axial symmetric deformation extrusion, general three-dimensional deformation extrusion) lateral extrusion method, glass lubrication extrusion method, hydrostatic extrusion method Extrusion method, continuous extrusion method, etc.
4: Forward thermal deformation aluminum extrusion
The vast majority of heat-deformed aluminum production companies use the forward heat-deformation extrusion method to obtain aluminum materials with the required cross-sectional shape through specific molds (flat die, cone die, split die). This is what Jin Haochun Aluminum Industry has done so far. The only aluminum production method adopted!
The forward extrusion process is simple, the equipment requirements are not high, the metal deformation ability is high, the production range is wide, the aluminum material properties are highly controllable, the production flexibility is great, and the tooling and mold are easy to maintain and modify.
The disadvantage is that the friction between the inner surface of the extrusion barrel and the aluminum material is strong, which accounts for a relatively large proportion of the extrusion energy consumption. The friction easily causes the ingot in the barrel to heat up and increases the instability of the profile, which damages the improvement of the efficiency of the finished product and limits the aluminum and aluminum The extrusion speed of the alloy accelerates the wear and service life of the extrusion die, and the structural properties of the product are uneven on the inside and outside.
5: Types, properties and uses of hot deformed aluminum alloys
The types of hot-deformed aluminum alloys are divided into 8 categories according to their performance and usage requirements, with different performance and uses.
- Pure aluminum (L series) corresponds to the international brand 1000 series pure aluminum.
Industrial pure aluminum has excellent processability, corrosion resistance, surface treatment and conductivity, but low strength. It is used in household products, electrical products, pharmaceutical and food packaging, power transmission and distribution materials, etc. - Hard aluminum (Ly) corresponds to the international brand 2000 AL-Cu (aluminum copper) alloy.
Used in large components and brackets, with high Cu content and poor corrosion resistance. - Rust-proof aluminum (LF) corresponds to the international brand 3000 AL-Mn (aluminum manganese) alloy.
It cannot be strengthened by heat treatment, and its workability and corrosion resistance are equivalent to those of pure aluminum. Its strength has been improved and its welding performance is good. It is widely used in daily necessities, building materials, devices, etc. - Special aluminum (LT) corresponds to the international brand 4000 AL-Si (aluminum silicon) alloy.
Mainly welding materials, with low melting point (575-630 degrees), good fluidity and fluidity. - Rust-proof aluminum (LF) corresponds to the international brand 5000AL-Mg (aluminum-magnesium) alloy.
It cannot be strengthened by heat treatment and has excellent corrosion resistance, weldability and surface gloss. By controlling the Mg content, alloys of different strength levels can be obtained. A small number of them are used for decorative materials and high-end devices. Used in ships, vehicles, construction materials. Highly used in welded components of ships, vehicles and chemical plants. - 6000AL-Mg-Si alloy
Mg2Si precipitation hardening heat treatment can strengthen the alloy, with good corrosion resistance, medium strength, and excellent hot workability. Therefore, it is widely used as extrusion materials. It has good formability and can obtain higher hardness through quenching. It is widely used in building profiles and is also the main source of materials in industry. - Super hard aluminum (LC) corresponds to the two major categories of international brand 7000AL-Zn-Mg-Cu (aluminum zinc magnesium copper) high-strength aluminum alloy and AL-Zn-Mg alloy for welding components.
It has high strength and excellent welding and quenching properties. The disadvantage is that its resistance to stress corrosion cracking is poor and requires appropriate heat treatment to improve it. The former is mainly used in aircraft and sporting goods, while the latter is mainly used in welded structural materials for railway vehicles. - 8000 (AL-LI) aluminum-lithium alloy
The biggest feature is that the density is 8%~9% lower than that of the 7000 series, high rigidity, high strength, and light weight. This series is under development (the anti-decay ability of aluminum alloy metal under complex conditions has not yet been fully overcome), and is mainly used in aircraft and missiles. , engines and other military purposes.
